Integration of Electronic Educational Resources into the Professional Training of Theologians at Russian Islamic Higher Education Institutions

   The digital transformation of higher education raises the question of combining traditional methods of Islamic pedagogy (the “ustādh–shākird–environment” system) with e-learning tools. The article presents the results of a theoretical analysis and a synthesis of practical experience regarding the integration of electronic educational resources into the professional training of theologians in Islamic higher education institutions in Russia. The study employs methods of theoretical analysis (content analysis of scientific literature and a comparative approach) and empirical generalization (analysis of practical application). The article systematizes key approaches to the defi nition of e-learning, identifi es the main advantages and pedagogical risks of using electronic educational resources in the context of theological education, and summarizes practical models for the use of learning management systems in Islamic higher education institutions. It substantiates the key role of organizational and pedagogical support as a condition for the harmonious synthesis of traditions and digital technologies and outlines prospective directions for development, considering the capabilities of artificial intelligence and virtual reality. The study identifies and describes four models of integrating electronic educational resources (ranging from fragmentary use to a comprehensive educational ecosystem) and clarifies the content of the concepts of e-learning and organizational and pedagogical support for students as applied to the digital environment of Islamic education. The recommendations and development prospects presented in the article can be applied in the design and modernization of the electronic information and educational environment in Islamic educational institutions in Russia.

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