Tafsir al-Tabari to Surah «Al-Fātih· a». Translation from Arabic and Comments. Part 1: Names, Isti‘ādha and BasmallaTafsir al-Tabari to Surah «Al-Fātih· a». Translation from Arabic and Comments. Part 1: Names, Isti‘ādha and Basmalla

Abstract

This article opens a series of publications of the commented translation into Russian of the interpretation to the Surah “al-Fatiha” (No. 1) by the founder of classical Muslim exegesis Muḥammad ibn Jarīr aṭ-Ṭabari (839–923) from the book “Jāmi‘ al-bayān fī ta’wīl al-Qur’ān” (The Comprehensive Exposition of the interpretation of the Qur’ān). This part contains sections devoted to the names of this surah — “Mother of the Qur’ān” (umm al-qur’an), “Opening the Scripture” (fātiḥat al-kitāb) and “The seven repeatable” (as-sab‘u al-mathānī), as well as the prayer formulas with which the Holy Scripture of Islam begins — Isti‘ādha and Basmalla. In the last sections, special attention is paid to the etymology of the words used in these formulas on the based the examples of preslamic poetry and the traditions of the “ancient fathers” of the Ummah.