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<article article-type="research-article" dtd-version="1.3" xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xml:lang="ru"><front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">islam</journal-id><journal-title-group><journal-title xml:lang="ru">Ислам в современном мире</journal-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Islam in the modern world</trans-title></trans-title-group></journal-title-group><issn pub-type="ppub">2074-1529</issn><issn pub-type="epub">2618-7221</issn><publisher><publisher-name>Medina Publishing Ltd</publisher-name></publisher></journal-meta><article-meta><article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.22311/2074-1529-2020-16-1-61-72</article-id><article-id custom-type="elpub" pub-id-type="custom">islam-761</article-id><article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="heading"><subject>Research Article</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="ru"><subject>ТЕОЛОГИЧЕСКАЯ МЫСЛЬ В ИСЛАМЕ</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="en"><subject>ISLAMIC THEOLOGICAL THOUGHT</subject></subj-group></article-categories><title-group><article-title>Татарские улемы об особенностях поста у мусульман Поволжья и северных регионов: вчера и сегодня</article-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>The Tatar ‘Ulama’ on the Features of Fasting Among the Muslims of Volga Region and North of It: Past and Present</trans-title></trans-title-group></title-group><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Адыгамов</surname><given-names>Р. К.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Adygamov</surname><given-names>R. K.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>АДЫГАМОВ Рамиль Камилович — канд. ист. наук, доц., ст. науч. сотр. Отдела истории религий и общественной мысли</p><p>420014, Республика Татарстан, г. Казань, Кремль, 5 подъезд</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Ramil K. ADYGAMOV, Cand. Sci. (Hist.), associated professor, senior researcher, Department of History of Religions and Social Thought</p><p>5 entrance, Kazan, Republic of Tatarstan, 420014</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">abu_muhammad@mail.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib></contrib-group><aff-alternatives id="aff-1"><aff xml:lang="ru">Институт истории АН РТ им Ш. Марджани<country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en">Institute of History named after Sh. Marjani, Academy of Sciences of Republic of Tatarstan<country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><pub-date pub-type="collection"><year>2020</year></pub-date><pub-date pub-type="epub"><day>15</day><month>04</month><year>2020</year></pub-date><volume>16</volume><issue>1</issue><fpage>61</fpage><lpage>72</lpage><permissions><copyright-statement>Copyright &amp;#x00A9; Адыгамов Р.К., 2020</copyright-statement><copyright-year>2020</copyright-year><copyright-holder xml:lang="ru">Адыгамов Р.К.</copyright-holder><copyright-holder xml:lang="en">Adygamov R.K.</copyright-holder><license license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.</license-p></license></permissions><self-uri xlink:href="https://islamjournal.idmedina.ru/jour/article/view/761">https://islamjournal.idmedina.ru/jour/article/view/761</self-uri><abstract><p>Ислам, зародившись на Аравийском полуострове, распространился на территории от Атлантического океана на западе, до Индии на востоке и Поволжья на севере. Это обстоятельство отразилось на процессе формирования исламского права, который шел под влиянием как географических особенностей разных регионов, так и этнических традиций народов, их населявших. Не стал исключением и самый северный регион, куда проник ислам, — Поволжье. Его географическое положение оказало воздействие на мусульманскую правовую мысль, связанную с основными богослужебными практиками, в частности с постом. Несмотря на то, что в Коране и Сунне содержатся общие правила проведения поста, особые условия в Волго-Уральском регионе — короткие летние ночи и длинные дни, большое количество облачных дней — заставили богословов искать способы определения времени начала как самого поста, так и месяца рамадан. Но проблема оказалась шире, поскольку затрагивала интересы мусульман не только Поволжья, но и более северных регионов, где наблюдаются белые ночи, а также полярная ночь и полярный день. Особенно подробно проблема поста в Поволжье и северных регионах была исследована в трудах Ш. Марджани и М. Бигиева.</p></abstract><trans-abstract xml:lang="en"><p>Islam, which originated in the Arabian Peninsula, spread up to the Atlantic Ocean in the West, up to India in the East and up to and across the Middle Volga region in the North. The details of the Islamic law and, more precisely, the features of worship in each regional case depended on the features of the nature and climate resp. on the circumstances of the economy as well as on the ethnic resp. cultural customs and traditions. The practice of Islamic worship in the northernmost region of Pax Islamica, i. e. in the Volga-Kama region, also supposed important questions to resolve. The Muslim legal thought should deal with the other length of day and night in comparison to the Middle East. Short nights and long days in summer, a large number of cloudy days in the Volga-Ural region have led theologians to seek ways to determine the time of beginning of fasting period and the month of Ramadan especially for this land. In particular, Sh. Marjani and M. Bigeev have paid their attention to this theme. The paper examines namely these attempts to adapt the rules of worship to the diversity of natural zones.</p></trans-abstract><kwd-group xml:lang="ru"><kwd>шариат</kwd><kwd>пост</kwd><kwd>исламское право</kwd><kwd>ислам в Поволжье</kwd><kwd>рамадан</kwd><kwd>Марджани</kwd><kwd>Бигиев</kwd></kwd-group><kwd-group xml:lang="en"><kwd>Shari‘a</kwd><kwd>fasting</kwd><kwd>Islamic law</kwd><kwd>Islam in Volga region</kwd><kwd>Ramadan</kwd><kwd>Marjani</kwd><kwd>Bigiyev</kwd></kwd-group></article-meta></front><back><ref-list><title>References</title><ref id="cit1"><label>1</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Ад-дин ва ал-адаб. 1915. 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