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<article article-type="research-article" dtd-version="1.3" xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xml:lang="ru"><front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">islam</journal-id><journal-title-group><journal-title xml:lang="ru">Ислам в современном мире</journal-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Islam in the modern world</trans-title></trans-title-group></journal-title-group><issn pub-type="ppub">2074-1529</issn><issn pub-type="epub">2618-7221</issn><publisher><publisher-name>Medina Publishing Ltd</publisher-name></publisher></journal-meta><article-meta><article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.22311/2074-1529-2024-20-1-53-68</article-id><article-id custom-type="elpub" pub-id-type="custom">islam-1061</article-id><article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="heading"><subject>Research Article</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="ru"><subject>ТЕОЛОГИЧЕСКАЯ МЫСЛЬ В ИСЛАМЕ</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="en"><subject>ISLAMIC THEOLOGICAL THOUGHT</subject></subj-group></article-categories><title-group><article-title>Фик̣х ал-азма: кризисное управление богословским дискурсом в Cирии</article-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Fiqh al-azma: Crisis Management of Theological Discourse in Syria</trans-title></trans-title-group></title-group><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Зарипов</surname><given-names>И. А.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Zaripov</surname><given-names>I. A.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Зарипов Ислам Амирович — канд. ист. наук, ст. науч. сотр. Центр арабских и исламских исследований </p><p>107031, Россия, Москва, ул. Рождественка, д. 12</p><p> </p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Islam A. Zaripov, Cand. Sci. (Hist.), senior researcher, Centre for Arabic and Islamic Studies </p><p>12, Rozhdestvenka Str., Moscow, 107031, Russian Federation</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">islamzarif@gmail.com</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib></contrib-group><aff-alternatives id="aff-1"><aff xml:lang="ru">Институт востоковедения РАН<country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en">Institute of Oriental Studies of the Russian Academy of Sciences<country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><pub-date pub-type="collection"><year>2024</year></pub-date><pub-date pub-type="epub"><day>09</day><month>05</month><year>2024</year></pub-date><volume>20</volume><issue>1</issue><fpage>53</fpage><lpage>68</lpage><permissions><copyright-statement>Copyright &amp;#x00A9; Зарипов И.А., 2024</copyright-statement><copyright-year>2024</copyright-year><copyright-holder xml:lang="ru">Зарипов И.А.</copyright-holder><copyright-holder xml:lang="en">Zaripov I.A.</copyright-holder><license license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.</license-p></license></permissions><self-uri xlink:href="https://islamjournal.idmedina.ru/jour/article/view/1061">https://islamjournal.idmedina.ru/jour/article/view/1061</self-uri><abstract><p>В условиях продолжающейся гражданской войны в Сирии официальное мусульманское духовенство страны, представленное Министерством по делам вакфов, разработало целый ряд богословско-правовых постановлений по наиболее актуальным вопросам, объединенных общим названием фик̣х ал-азма «кризисное богословие». Особое внимание в них уделяется вопросам критики такфиризма, безмазхабности, национализма, разъяснению смысла джихāда, запретности бунтов и революций, религиозной легитимности национального государства, межрелигиозного и межконфессионального диалога и соработничества в рамках одной страны, разграничение понятий исламской политики и политического ислама.  В настоящем исследовании проводится анализ источников и методологии построения этого теологического концепта, являющего собой, по словам самих разработчиков, пример умеренного обновления (тадждӣд) исламского богословского дискурса, основная цель которого — противостояние фик̣х ал-фитна «богословию смуты», проповедуемому различными экстремистскими группировками. В работе также рассматривается пример одного из наиболее оригинальных исследований — о принципах гражданственности (мувāт̣ана) согласно исламу, которое во многом вбирает в себя основные черты всего концепта сирийского кризисного богословия.</p></abstract><trans-abstract xml:lang="en"><p>In the context of the ongoing civil war in Syria, the official Muslim clergy of the country, represented by the Ministry of Waqf Affairs, has developed a number of theological and legal resolutions on the most pressing issues, united by the common names Fiqh al-Azma (“crisis theology”). They pay special attention to the issues of criticism of takﬁrism, non-denominationalism, nationalism, explaining the meaning of jihād, the prohibition of riots and revolutions, the religious legitimacy of the national state, interreligious and interfaith dialogue and collaboration within one country, the differentiation of the concepts of Islamic politics and political Islam. This study analyzes the sources and methodology of constructing this theological concept, which, according to the developers themselves, is an example of a moderate renewal (tajdīd) of Islamic theological discourse, the main purpose of which is to confront Fiqh al-Fitnah “theology of turmoil” preached by various extremist groups. The paper also examines an example of one of the most original studies — on the principles of citizenship (muwāṭana) according to Islam, which largely incorporates the main features of the entire concept of Syrian crisis theology.</p></trans-abstract><kwd-group xml:lang="en"><kwd>Fiqh al-Azma</kwd><kwd>Islam and politics</kwd><kwd>Islam in Syria</kwd><kwd>state-Islamic relations</kwd><kwd>Islamic theology</kwd></kwd-group></article-meta></front><back><ref-list><title>References</title><ref id="cit1"><label>1</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Enayat, H. Islam and Socialism in Egypt // Middle Eastern Studies. 1968. № 4 (2). 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